The Essential Guide to Root Cause Analysis Tools in Six Sigma

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Introduction

Efficient data management is crucial for successful Six Sigma projects. It allows Six Sigma practitioners to accurately identify root causes and make informed decisions. Makini, a powerful platform, revolutionizes data management by providing real-time data retrieval capabilities. With just a few lines of code, developers can sync their applications with complex industrial systems, enabling seamless data capture and analysis. This immediate access to data empowers Six Sigma professionals to swiftly address issues, reduce downtime, and enhance operational efficiency.

In this article, we will explore the significance of efficient data management in Six Sigma projects and the game-changing impact of real-time data retrieval with Makini. We will delve into the benefits of using Makini's API for seamless integration with industrial systems and how it enhances the effectiveness of Six Sigma initiatives. Additionally, we will discuss best practices for real-time data retrieval and highlight the importance of technology and automation in improving operational efficiency. By leveraging Makini's capabilities, organizations can drive process improvements, optimize performance, and achieve operational excellence in their Six Sigma projects.

1. Understanding the Importance of Root Cause Analysis in Six Sigma

Root cause analysis (RCA) is an essential part of the Six Sigma methodology. It offers a structured way to identify the root causes of defects or issues within a process. RCA allows organizations to design and implement corrective measures that directly address these root causes, preventing the issue from recurring. This is in line with the Six Sigma principles of reducing variability and enhancing process control to boost operational efficiency.

Sologic offers a suite of insightful ebooks that provide a comprehensive understanding of RCA. These resources help to decode the complex interplay between Human and Organizational Performance (HOP) principles and the steps involved in Sologic's RCA process. They highlight the importance of having a diverse team of experts to uncover the truth behind the problem, enabling a more effective RCA.

These resources also emphasize the need for adaptability in RCA. They suggest that sometimes focusing on problem specifics before moving towards systemic contributors can be beneficial, and sometimes the opposite approach is more effective. This flexibility is key to a successful RCA, and top facilitators are skilled at guiding their teams through this process, using a range of tools and techniques to ensure a productive learning experience.

The "Root Cause Analysis Toolbox" from Sologic is another invaluable resource. It offers a variety of tools for different RCA tasks, covering methods like the 5 Whys, Ishikawa Fishbone, Incident Timeline, and Sologic RCA methods. It provides a comprehensive guide for tackling RCA from multiple perspectives.

Sologic's "How to Build an RCA Program" is a roadmap for creating a custom RCA program. It explores aspects such as defining program goals and objectives, developing threshold/triggering criteria, understanding organizational culture, and selecting appropriate training and software.

The "Steps to Conduct a Thorough RCA" ebook outlines the entire RCA process, from data collection and evidence gathering to conducting a cause and effect analysis, generating solutions, and drafting the final report. This step-by-step guide is a practical resource for anyone tasked with conducting an RCA.

In their book "Better Than Yesterday," Sologic provides ten key insights into how leading organizations address operational, managerial, and strategic challenges using a structured, transferable, and effective RCA process.

In addition to Sologic, System Improvements Inc. offers a service called Taproot® Root Cause Analysis. Their website provides extensive information about the Taproot® Advantage, including training, software, investigation, implementation, and eLearning pathways. This system is versatile and applicable across a range of industries, from aerospace defense and construction to healthcare, manufacturing, and transportation.

The Taproot® system provides a robust RCA framework and supports users through various channels, including phone and social media. They also offer resources such as blogs and summits, and visitors can sign up for the company's newsletter for regular updates.

Overall, RCA is a fundamental aspect of Six Sigma methodology. Resources like Sologic's ebooks and the Taproot® system offer comprehensive, practical guidance on implementing effective RCA processes. These resources are invaluable for organizations seeking to minimize process variability, boost operational efficiency, and prevent the recurrence of problems by addressing their root causes.

2. The Fishbone Diagram: An Overview and Its Application in Six Sigma

A Fishbone Diagram, often referred to as an Ishikawa or Cause and Effect Diagram, is a visual aid used within the framework of Six Sigma methodologies. It serves to identify potential causes behind a specific problem. This tool assists in team brainstorming sessions and categorization of various sources of process variation. The 'fishbone' structure offers a comprehensive view of the issue at hand, allowing teams to probe into the root causes in a systematic and thorough manner. This tool proves particularly effective in enhancing team collaboration and fostering a culture of ongoing improvement.

The Fishbone Diagram, conceived by Kaoru Ishikawa, serves as a means to pinpoint process flaws. Its introduction into the arsenal of problem-solving tools dates back to 1952 when it was adopted by Kawasaki Iron Fukiai Works. In tribute to its creator, the diagram was named after Ishikawa by Dr. Juran in 1962. This diagram is a mainstay in continuous improvement programs, ranking among the 7 basic quality tools. It plays a pivotal role in the measure phase of a DMAIC Six Sigma project. It assists in identifying and documenting the root causes (X's or inputs) that contribute to a problem (effect or Y).

The Fishbone Diagram's structure mirrors that of a fish skeleton, with the problem or gap of the project being the fish's head, and the bones representing the major cause categories. It enables a focused examination of one major category at a time, with root causes identified as inputs branching off into smaller bones. Categories routinely found in a manufacturing environment encompass measurement, manpower, machine, method, material, and environment. Each significant process step and project goal may necessitate a separate Fishbone Diagram to encapsulate all inputs.

The Fishbone Diagram functions as a screening tool designed to filter out trivial inputs and duplicates. The remaining controllable inputs are transferred to a prioritization matrix (PM). The PM assigns numbers to each input and scores them based on their impact on the effect (Y). Inputs with the highest scores are then transferred to Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) for further examination.

This diagram should be updated as iterations are performed, with inputs being added or removed as necessary. Software tools like Minitab can be utilized to create Fishbone Diagrams. The diagram's effectiveness in identifying all inputs or causes that create variation in the output or effect makes it a key component in Six Sigma methodologies and continuous improvement programs.

As part of the process improvement methodology, organizations can use a fishbone diagram to visually map out the potential causes of problems or inefficiencies in their processes. This aids in identifying the areas that need improvement and allows teams to focus their efforts on addressing the root causes. By providing a structured approach to problem-solving and promoting a collaborative environment, team members can contribute their ideas and insights. This ensures that all potential causes are considered during the improvement process.

Furthermore, the fishbone diagram helps to visually organize and categorize potential causes, making complex problems easier to understand and communicate. It promotes collaborative problem-solving by involving multiple stakeholders and encouraging their input. By systematically exploring different categories of causes, such as people, process, equipment, and environment, it facilitates root cause analysis. This helps to identify the most likely causes and prioritize them for further investigation and resolution.

Overall, the fishbone diagram is a valuable tool in the process improvement journey. It facilitates a more systematic and comprehensive approach to identifying and addressing the root causes of problems or inefficiencies, leading to more effective and sustainable improvements.

3. The 5 Whys Method: Exploring its Role in Problem-Solving within Six Sigma

The 5 Whys technique, an integral part of the Six Sigma methodology, is a potent problem-solving tool designed to uncover the root cause of an issue. It simplifies the process of discovering the underlying cause, promotes a culture of problem-solving, and aids in improving processes.

The power of the 5 Whys technique stems from its iterative nature. It promotes thorough investigation into a problem, fostering a comprehensive understanding of the issue. This technique complements the cause-effect Fishbone diagram, bolstering the analysis needed to complete it.

A practical application of the 5 Whys technique is illustrated in the case of a kitchen range manufacturer. This company was struggling with an excess work-in-process inventory and a chronic shortage of the right parts. The 5 Whys technique revealed that the root cause was management's lack of understanding of lean manufacturing principles and poor project target setting. This real-world example underscores the power of the 5 Whys technique in diagnosing and addressing operational inefficiencies.

The 5 Whys technique, though popularized by Japanese manufacturers, has a long history of use, as demonstrated by Benjamin Franklin's utilization of the method. This timeless problem-solving technique can be adapted to different contexts, as demonstrated by a Japanese auto manufacturer's hybrid version of the 5 Whys technique, which incorporates a trend chart and Pareto chart.

The ultimate goal of the 5 Whys technique is to identify potential root causes of a defect, going beyond the identification of mere symptoms. A disciplined application of the 5 Whys technique propels teams to think creatively and reach the true root cause, enabling them to make a meaningful difference in resolving the problem.

To conduct a 5 Whys analysis, you can follow a simple step-by-step guide. Start by defining the problem, then ask "Why?" to identify the root cause. Continue this process until you reach the main root cause. Once identified, analyze the root cause and implement corrective actions. Finally, monitor the effectiveness of these actions and evaluate if the problem has been resolved or if further steps are needed. This technique helps uncover the underlying causes of a problem, rather than just addressing the symptoms.

When implementing the 5 Whys method, it is important to avoid common pitfalls. These include stopping at symptoms rather than identifying the root cause, relying on assumptions instead of actual data, and not involving a diverse group of people in the analysis. By avoiding these pitfalls, you can effectively use the 5 Whys method to identify and address the root causes of problems.

Facilitating a successful 5 Whys session requires creating an open and non-judgmental environment. This involves defining the problem clearly, encouraging open communication, asking open-ended questions, avoiding blame and judgment, keeping the session focused, documenting the findings, and following up with action steps.

The 5 Whys method, although simple and effective, is just one among many root cause analysis techniques. Others include Fishbone Diagrams, Fault Tree Analysis, and Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA), each with its own strengths and weaknesses. The choice of technique depends on the complexity of the problem and the resources available.

Those interested in mastering the 5 Whys technique and other Six Sigma tools can turn to MoreSteam.com. They offer a range of online courses, including Black Belt, Green Belt, and DFSS (Design for Six Sigma) training. With the right training and tools, the power of the 5 Whys technique can be harnessed to drive process improvement and operational excellence.

4. Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA): How it Enhances Six Sigma Processes

Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) is an integral component of Six Sigma methodology. It serves as a proactive tool for identifying potential failure modes and their effects on a process or product. The primary objective of FMEA is to prioritize these potential failures based on their impact and develop appropriate mitigation strategies to prevent their occurrence.

This systematic approach finds its place in the 'analyze' phase of the Six Sigma DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control) cycle. At this crucial juncture, organizations aim to eliminate errors and defects that could negatively impact the customer experience. FMEA equips organizations to identify and address potential failures, thereby enhancing the quality and reliability of their offerings.

The application of FMEA goes beyond theoretical concept. It has practical implications, as demonstrated by Eli Lilly, a global healthcare company. The firm successfully integrated FMEA into its Six Sigma training, which enabled it to prepare for worst-case scenarios and improve risk management. This resulted in a more disciplined and efficient approach to data collection, strategic planning, and organizational transformation.

FMEA's versatility extends to various aspects of a process, including system design, process control, and risk assessment. A case in point is a medical implant company that utilized FMEA to identify potential problems in the manufacturing of a medical device. This proactive measure significantly reduced the risk of product failure and improved overall quality.

In the pursuit of continuous improvement and operational excellence, FMEA plays a pivotal role. By identifying potential failures and their effects, it empowers organizations to make informed decisions and implement effective strategies to prevent such occurrences. This proactive approach not only mitigates the likelihood of failures but also enhances the reliability of the process, rendering FMEA an indispensable tool in the Six Sigma methodology.

In today's evolving business landscape, tools like FMEA are more important than ever. Six Sigma and FMEA offer a strategic approach to tackle challenges such as inflation pressure, technological innovations, or fostering diversity, equity, and inclusion in the workplace. Continuous process improvement and prioritizing customer experience enable organizations to stay ahead of the curve and maintain operational excellence.

FMEA is a powerful tool in the Six Sigma arsenal. It helps predict potential failures and their impacts, allowing organizations to take proactive measures to improve process reliability and enhance the customer experience. It is an essential component of any Six Sigma training program and a key driver of continuous improvement and operational excellence.

5. Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) and its Impact on Six Sigma Projects

Fault Tree Analysis (FTA), an integral tool within the Six Sigma methodology, serves as a systematic approach to dissect the causes behind a specific failure incident. FTA leverages Boolean logic principles to analyze an array of lower-level events, identifying combinations that could culminate in the failure. This perspective illuminates the interconnections between failures, providing valuable insights for Six Sigma practitioners to craft effective preventative measures. The FTA significantly enhances the resilience of Six Sigma projects.

While FTA is a prominent tool, it is one among many root cause analysis (RCA) tools at our disposal. Other tools such as Fishbone Analysis, Correlation Matrix, and Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) are equally vital in identifying and assessing the correlation of inputs into a problem, particularly in scenarios where data isn't readily available for analysis. For instance, the 5 Whys tool is a valuable resource for diving deep into the root causes of various issues such as unplanned downtime, form errors, and quality defects.

The 8D problem-solving method, another widely used RCA tool, offers a holistic approach covering all eight disciplines of problem-solving. Traditional problem-solving methods like Process Mapping and Value Stream Mapping also prove invaluable in identifying root causes. These methodologies aim to capture all inputs, narrow them down, and analyze the key process input variables (KPIVs).

The A3 problem-solving technique, encompassing the Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) cycle, and Value Stream Mapping are specifically emphasized in Toyota's problem-solving process. These subjective tools play a pivotal role as they facilitate dialogue and expose information that may not be apparent in the data.

In this context, the project manager's role is multifaceted. They are tasked with mining and interpreting the data, as well as facilitating dialogue among team members. However, this can be a time-consuming process, especially when using the prioritization matrix. Therefore, project managers must be prepared to persevere through this process while maintaining the trust of the team.

Stakeholder analysis may also be required to resolve conflicts among team members. The number of inputs analyzed in the prioritization matrix can significantly impact the time required to complete the tool. Therefore, the project manager should prioritize completing the tools efficiently.

Furthermore, the dialogue and interaction between team members can sometimes lead to disagreements. In such instances, the project manager may need to act as a referee and help the team reach consensus on scores. It is fundamental to manage the discussion and provide breaks and humor to maintain team morale. If there is too much tension among the team, it may be necessary to assess or replace team members.

Lastly, it's worth noting that subjective tools are particularly useful when there is a lack of data or poor data quality. The team members and stakeholders closest to the process understand the details behind the data and know what the data isn't saying. Therefore, these tools are crucial for bringing out dialogue and information that isn't necessarily found in the data.

FTA is a systematic approach used to identify and analyze potential failures within a system, common in industries such as engineering, manufacturing, and aerospace. This approach involves constructing a graphical representation of the system's potential failure modes and analyzing the relationships between various events and conditions that can lead to a specific failure. By analyzing these fault trees, organizations can identify critical failure paths and implement appropriate preventive or mitigation measures.

When conducting an FTA, it is important to follow some best practices to ensure accurate and effective results. This includes defining the scope, identifying top events, breaking down the events, gathering data, analyzing the tree, mitigating risks, and validating and reviewing the analysis.

There are various software tools available for FTA, designed to assist in the analysis and evaluation of potential faults and failures in complex systems. They provide a graphical representation of the fault tree, allowing users to identify and analyze the relationships between different events and failures.

When conducting an FTA, there are several common mistakes that should be avoided to ensure accurate and effective results. These include incomplete or inadequate event identification, incorrect logic gates, lack of data validation, failure to consider human factors, and not updating the fault tree.

FTA is a widely used technique in industrial maintenance and asset management systems, particularly useful in industries where equipment reliability and uptime are crucial, such as manufacturing, energy, and transportation sectors.

6. Utilizing Makini for Efficient Data Management in Six Sigma Projects

Data management, a cornerstone in the successful execution of Six Sigma projects, is significantly enhanced with the use of Makini. This platform's compatibility with a wide range of industrial systems enables seamless data synchronization, eliminating the need to manage multiple data architectures. This efficient data management strategy is key in accurately identifying root causes, thus boosting the effectiveness of Six Sigma initiatives.

To demonstrate the impact of well-coordinated data management, we delve into the case study titled "Case Study: Six Sigma Project for Reducing Manual Handling of Materials in Real Manufacturing Company," authored by Atanas Kochov and Aleksandar Argilovski. This study focused on improving the materials handling process in a manufacturing enterprise.

The enterprise faced issues related to ergonomics, health, and safety of workers manually handling materials. The study suggested the use of the Six Sigma framework to enhance the existing process or devise a new one for materials handling. This involved mapping the current process, establishing key performance indicators, and using a variety of design tools and techniques for process enhancement.

The proposed improvements aimed to solve the problem, improve ergonomics and safety, speed up the process, and reduce the cost of spilled materials. This case study highlights the importance of ergonomics, lean manufacturing, and project management in enhancing materials handling in manufacturing companies.

The study, accessed on 10/01/2024, has been visited 1423 times and can be found on the HRČAK portal, a platform dedicated to Croatian scientific and professional journals. The case study is an endorsement of the power of efficient data management in driving improvements in manufacturing processes, echoing the benefits that tools like Makini bring to Six Sigma projects.

With Makini, you can integrate with various industrial systems such as Oracle Fusion Cloud Warehouse Management and SAP Extended Warehouse Management. These integrations allow for a connection between Makini and your existing industrial systems, enhancing your Six Sigma projects by leveraging the capabilities of both Makini and your industrial systems.

Makini is a platform that provides integrations for various warehouse management systems, such as Oracle Fusion Cloud Warehouse Management and K-Motion Warehouse Advantage. These integrations can help streamline data synchronization in Six Sigma projects by ensuring that data from different sources and systems are synchronized and updated in real-time. This eliminates manual data entry and reduces the risk of errors, allowing Six Sigma teams to focus on analyzing and improving processes rather than spending time on data management.

For efficient data management solutions for Six Sigma projects, it is crucial to consider tools and technologies that can handle large volumes of data and provide effective data analysis capabilities. These solutions should also support data cleansing, transformation, and integration processes to ensure data accuracy and consistency. Additionally, implementing data visualization tools can help in presenting the data in a meaningful and actionable way for decision-making purposes.

Makini's integrations and use cases can help streamline data workflows, enhance data quality, and enable real-time monitoring and reporting, all of which are key elements in successful Six Sigma projects. By leveraging Makini's capabilities, organizations can effectively collect, analyze, and manage data to drive process improvements and achieve Six Sigma goals.

7. Real-Time Data Retrieval with Makini: A Game Changer for Six Sigma Practitioners

Real-time data retrieval revolutionizes Six Sigma projects, and the Makini API is a primary facilitator of this innovation. A few lines of code are all it takes for developers to sync their applications with complex industrial systems, enabling seamless real-time data capture. This immediate access to data empowers Six Sigma professionals to swiftly identify and address root causes, reducing downtime and enhancing operational efficiency.

In the fast-evolving manufacturing process landscape, AI solutions and enterprise MLOps are essential. Makinarocks, a company specializing in these areas for industrial settings, is a key player. Their product offerings include Runway™, an enterprise MLOps platform merging model development, deployment, and monitoring, and Link™, an AI/ML modeling tool for creating readable pipelines. These tools highlight the importance of accelerating ML lifecycles in manufacturing industries by standardizing AI model development, deployment, and operation processes.

Makinarocks offers extensive ML capabilities and experience from working closely with manufacturing and industrial companies. They understand the complexity of data in automotive manufacturing sites and have the expertise to navigate it. With headquarters in Seoul, South Korea, and a presence in Silicon Valley, USA, their reach is global.

Makinarocks provides numerous resources to assist users in navigating the AI landscape, including white papers providing deep insights into AI applications in automotive manufacturing sites. Their website is a central hub for business inquiries, tech blogs, and organized events, further emphasizing their dedication to nurturing an AI community.

Makinarocks adheres to strict privacy policies, cookie policies, and terms of use, safeguarding user data and maintaining the highest ethical conduct standards. Their commitment to transparency and user trust is evident in their comprehensive website guidelines and instructions, including detailed steps for downloading PDFs and options for signing in or creating an account. A 'forgot your password' feature enhances the user-friendly nature of their platform.

In the dynamic world of manufacturing and industrial operations, real-time data retrieval, facilitated by companies like Makini and Makinarocks, is a game-changer. It enables Six Sigma practitioners to enhance operational efficiency and reduce downtime, heralding a new era of streamlined and efficient manufacturing processes.

To achieve real-time data retrieval in Six Sigma projects, a reliable and efficient data management system is crucial. The system should be capable of collecting and processing data in real-time, allowing for immediate analysis and decision-making. Additionally, integration capabilities with other tools and platforms streamline data retrieval processes.

To integrate the Makini API for real-time data retrieval in Six Sigma, the base URL is https://www.makini.io. Makini provides various integrations, including Oracle Fusion Cloud Warehouse Management and Infor WMS. The specific integration URLs for these systems are accessible as mentioned in the context information.

HTTP requests can be made to the Makini API endpoints for real-time data retrieval in industrial systems. By appending the specific endpoint path to the base URL, the desired data can be retrieved. The API supports different integration types, such as Oracle Fusion Cloud Warehouse Management and SCExpert Platform, accessible through their respective endpoint paths.

Real-time data retrieval in Six Sigma with Makini offers several benefits. By accessing and analyzing data in real-time, organizations can make faster, more informed decisions. Real-time data retrieval also facilitates real-time monitoring and tracking of key performance indicators, allowing organizations to quickly identify any deviations from desired targets and take corrective actions. Additionally, real-time data retrieval in Six Sigma with Makini enables organizations to detect and respond to trends and patterns in data, helping them to proactively identify improvement opportunities and optimize their processes.

To improve operational efficiency with real-time data retrieval in Six Sigma, it is important to leverage technology and automation. By integrating systems such as Oracle Fusion Cloud Warehouse Management and utilizing inventory optimization tools, organizations can access real-time data on inventory levels, supply chain performance, and other key metrics. This enables them to make data-driven decisions and identify areas for improvement in their operational processes. Additionally, by implementing a robust data management system and utilizing analytics tools, organizations can track and monitor their performance in real-time, allowing them to identify and address any issues or bottlenecks promptly.

Real-time data retrieval in Six Sigma using Makini can be achieved through various features and functionalities offered by the platform. Makini allows users to integrate with external systems like Oracle Fusion Cloud Warehouse Management and retrieve real-time data related to inventory optimization. This enables Six Sigma practitioners to access up-to-date information on inventory levels, demand patterns, and other relevant metrics, which is crucial for making data-driven decisions and improving process efficiency. Additionally, Makini provides capabilities for data analysis and visualization, allowing users to monitor key performance indicators in real-time and identify areas for improvement. By leveraging Makini's real-time data retrieval capabilities, Six Sigma practitioners can effectively track process performance, identify bottlenecks, and implement continuous improvement strategies.

These code snippets demonstrate how to make a GET request to the Makini API using the fetch function. The origins and curs variables should be set to the appropriate values based on your application's logic. The response from the API is logged to the console and can be used to update the value of an element with the ID "w3review". Please note that these code snippets are provided based on the given context information and may require further customization based on your specific requirements.

To retrieve real-time data using the Makini API, you can refer to the official documentation provided by Makini. The documentation will provide detailed information on the API endpoints, request methods, and response formats. It will also guide you on how to authenticate and authorize your requests to access the real-time data. Please visit the Makini website at https://www.makini.io and search for the API documentation section to find the relevant resources.

When it comes to real-time data retrieval in Six Sigma with Makini, there are several best practices to follow. These practices include ensuring that the data is accurate and up-to-date, using automated data collection methods, implementing data validation processes, and utilizing real-time data visualization tools. Additionally, it is important to establish clear data retrieval protocols and ensure that the necessary infrastructure is in place to support real-time data retrieval. By following these best practices, organizations can effectively leverage Makini for real-time data retrieval in Six Sigma initiatives.

Conclusion

Efficient data management is crucial for successful Six Sigma projects. It allows Six Sigma practitioners to accurately identify root causes and make informed decisions. Makini, a powerful platform, revolutionizes data management by providing real-time data retrieval capabilities. With just a few lines of code, developers can sync their applications with complex industrial systems, enabling seamless data capture and analysis. This immediate access to data empowers Six Sigma professionals to swiftly address issues, reduce downtime, and enhance operational efficiency.

The significance of efficient data management in Six Sigma projects cannot be overstated. By leveraging Makini's API for real-time data retrieval, organizations can streamline their processes and optimize performance. The ability to access up-to-date data allows for quick identification of root causes and timely implementation of corrective measures. This ultimately leads to improved operational efficiency and enhanced decision-making. By embracing technology and automation, organizations can drive process improvements, optimize performance, and achieve operational excellence in their Six Sigma projects.

To harness the power of Makini's Unified API in your organization and experience the benefits of seamless integration with industrial systems, schedule a demo with one of Makini's integration experts. Learn how Makini's capabilities can help you build 100+ product integrations with ease by visiting https://www.makini.io.

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